Socio Economic Study Free Essays

Monetary Benefits As a component of the rural division, the banana business likewise guarantees that It adds to the insurance of nature through the recognition of all inclusive acknowledged practices and submitting to Philippines laws. Besides, the business likewise has constructive outcome on the social political perspectives through: Enameled contact with the Influence Insurgency; Improved harmony and request circumstance; Effective neighborhood administration; Integration of Indigenous individuals (e. G. We will compose a custom paper test on Financial Study or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Bogeyman, Nabob, Muslim) Into standard society: and Better comprehension of societies. The Banana business sway on the economy incorporates: Provision of work (least wages, Job security); Development of related enterprises (transport, food, buyer merchandise, amusement); Increased salary opportunity (money crop, I. E. Corn, rice, kindling gathering versus.. Business); Prompts improved foundation support from government and private associations; Increased expense assortment for nearby government. As far as social effect, the business gives: Basic needs through the accessibility of food, lodging, apparel, and work; Education expanded number of understudies; Social insurance accessibility of institutional consideration; Migration back to family as opposed to searching for occupation somewhere else; Equal open door for ladies and indigenous individuals; and Fewer events of residential and Juvenile related wrongdoing and clashes. The Philippine banana industry Is the fifth biggest fare Industry In the nation and the enjoys Mindanao. As far as nearby assessment commitment, the Industry transmitted about Phi Million worth of neighborhood charges In 2008, Including Business Tax, Real property charge, Residence Certificates of Employees, retaining duty of representatives, retaining charge at source, and Income. Financial Study By EX_Donald As a component of the agrarian area, the banana business likewise guarantees that it contributes Furthermore, the business additionally has beneficial outcome on the social political Minimized contact with the impact uprising; Integration of indigenous individuals (e. G. Bogeyman, Nabob, Muslim) into standard society; and Better comprehension of societies. The Philippine banana industry is the fifth biggest fare industry in the nation and the indigents in Mindanao. Regarding neighborhood charge commitment, the business transmitted about Phi Million worth of nearby expenses in 2008, including Business Tax, Real Step by step instructions to refer to Socio Economic Study, Papers

Apple Disruptive Innovation free essay sample

The following items and administrations to be rented by the organization didn't just spare the business yet in addition [Dyer, Greenest Christensen, 2011]made a significant effect in the worldwide music industry which at the time was tormented with robbery. The advanced center point system was an incorporating imaginative methodology created by Apple that restored the PC advertise, disturbed computerized distributing and the music business. The advanced center point procedure exploited that its revelation driven administrator comprehended the capacities of Apple has a business.The abilities of the business depended on three primary variables which are, its assets, its procedures and its qualities. At the point when these elements are fit along with the DNA, vision and inventiveness of its pioneer, a subsequent problematic advancement was created in the innovation business in general [Christensen,1997]. The substantial assets at Apple at the time the inventive computerized center point methodology was created comprises of some revelation driven individuals who were a piece of the underlying group Apple began with on the Apple l. We will compose a custom paper test on Apple Disruptive Innovation or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page These individuals have throughout the years been associated with testing and propelling of imaginative items during the beginning of Apple as an organization. Another unmistakable assets additionally accessible was he advancements Apple had. It was accepted that Apple was the main organization which claimed the entire gadget the equipment, the product and the working framework [Caisson, 2012] and could convey a start to finish arrangement, in this way controlling the client experience from all front. To make this computerized center, Apple needed to rely generally upon the capacities of the copy, firecracker, the Macintosh and the capacity of its product and equipment architects to deliver basic instinctive projects and items individually. To expand further on the last mentioned, Apple with its procedures formal and casual consistently guarantees over all groups correspondence, communication and solid joint effort between its product and equipment specialists to change assets into items and services[Christensen,1997]. The main raid into the computerized showcase was with video.Apple understood that by making a program that permits a client to record recordings as well as can take into account personalization and diversion of a recorded video. As per Steve Jobs, this makes your camcorder multiple times progressively significant [Caisson, 2012]. This lead to the creation of programming applications or altering and which likewise permits the client copy advanced recordings to a DVD drive; film, DVD. Correspondingly, innovation of a buyer drive that could copy a DVD which Apple was the first to transport [Caisson, 2012]. The fundamental drive for this total advancement in the computerized video showcase was to make the compact gadget simple to use by expelling confused functionalities makers had squeezed into these gadgets. A similar system Nas utilized in advanced photography. The copy turned into the center for compact cameras and programming application; photograph for altering pictures. Be that as it may, there was a previously existing rival in this market, but since of the achievement of DVD and film in advanced video, imaginative individuals were progressively disposed to evaluate programming applications created by Apple for computerized photography as well.As was referenced over, the possibility of an advanced center point system exemplified all classes of development steady, radical, continuing and troublesome. Now where there was sway in the computerized kicked the bucket and photography showcase, Apple was both gradually and drastically enhancing as far as innovation concentrate yet in a supporting manner to get more piece of the overall industry to stay in the innovation advertise. The problematic second desired the organization when it wandered into utilizing a similar methodology in the advanced music advertise. The attack into the advanced music was in comparative design as into other computerized markets.Learning from its slip-up of not delivering PCs that had the capacity to copy CDC, Apple created programming applications that made versatile music gadgets multiple times increasingly significant, Greenland for making and blending music; tunes for rivalry in this market, Apple had the option to have an effect in the music upset that was going on at the time by making tunes extremely basic and evacuating bunches of extraction other music overseeing programming had at that point. This in itself didnt disturb the market yet what came next did. Around the same time, the organization presented its own versatile media player the pod.The case at the hour of discharge scrutinized all the norm concerning music and innovation. It was the main media player that could hold up to a thousand melodies and could fit into a pocket ultramontane. To authenticity this ultra versatility, a ton of imaginative e xertion was placed into the innovation of hard drive that was flimsy and little enough. When this innovation was accomplished, joined with Apples own innovation of firecracker quick exchange, it was simple enough to disturb the music player advertise by delivering a gadget that typified the estimations of Apple in straightforwardness in wedding workmanship, plan and technology.Ninth complete coordination with its own music the board programming, the gadget was basic and instinctive enough, in light of the fact that most functionalists where placed in tunes that made the unit multiple times increasingly significant. Man-eater Illumined Syllabi 1263626 sides possessing the equipment that conveyed extraordinary music experience and the product that oversaw music in the most instinctive and straightforward manner, Apples expect to liver the best involvement in music wasnt complete as there was no control of Inhere clients obtained their music from.Moreover, at the time the music business was making a decent attempt to determine the issue of security. Apple acknowledged earl y that one of the significant utilization of the web was for music conveyance as it gives clients close to moment review and above all took into account unapproved use of music. To unravel the last Nas the fundamental requirement for the music business. Apple had the option to convey an answer with the tunes store, which dealt with the advancements accessible the web and an immense USIA database to give a legitimate method to clients to get music. The most part was getting the fundamental players in the music business to authenticity that Apple was the main organization that could take care of the issue as they had the equipment, programming and could make a help that utilizes these assets. The job of Steve Jobs as the head of Apple was significant in making this administration as he comprehended the extraordinary separation between the craftsmanship business overall and the innovation business [Caisson, 2012]. Ere imaginative individuals needed how to expand innovation to further their potential benefit which he saw during his time at Paxar.Likewise, the innovation business had significant deficits in inventive structures when it went to their items. He utilized on his capacities to relate with providers, merchants and clients of the music Industry. With more than 200,000 music accessible at dispatch, unbinding acquisition of singles from a collection and close joining with tunes which disposes of poor administration of music documents, the tunes Store, tunes and the unit upset the gap music and innovation industry.Finally, it very well may be said that the entire computerized center point system could just have been conveyed by Apple which comprehended its capacities of having assets like Steve Jobs a disclosure driven supervisor and others like him, a brand, various advancements and mastery which have been created after some time, forms that guarantee close coordinated effort between groups to change assets into items and administration and qualities that reflect effortlessness by obscuring the line between workmanship, plan and innovation. This procedure would start the change of Apple from being a PC creator into being the universes most subject organization. [locations, 2012] NH It is Disruptive advancement changes an item or administration that was costly and embroiled that lone a couple of individuals with a ton of cash and abilities approached to.Disruptive development makes it a lot more reasonable and open to an a lot bigger populace Christensen Clayton [Christensen,1997] Apple experienced the various types of advancement steady continuing advancement, radical supporting advancement, gradual troublesome development and radical problematic advancement before prevailing with regards to being troublesome. One of the change comprehended, was to change the market setting it worked in. Prior to the computerized center point system, Apple was leveled to be in the (PC) market.The PC advertise was in a decay and it was utilized generally for proficient use. Programming applications were created to improve profitability i n the business setting. Figure 1: Business Model Personal Computers User 70% Business Professionals 30% Everyday Creative Individuals Value Capture Value Creation Improved Productivity Value Prop MIDGET Personal Computers Ere computerized center point system upset the PC advertise as in it made the abilities of the PC progressively available to a bigger populace which was regular recover users.Using a similar model as found in Fig. In which the genuine worth creation Nas improved profitability yet for imaginative and workmanship substance like video, photography and music. Regardless of the way that fabricates of convenient gadgets that conveyed alee creation for imaginative and craftsmanship substance made a decent attempt to squeeze more functionalities to improve profitability identifying with making, altering and sharing these substance, they arrived at a state of delivering items that got confounded and hard to utilize. Figure 2: Business Model Video Recorders User Record VideoRecord Video, Personalize , Share MIDGET camcorder Oldie Recorder Ere first advancement originated from Apple unraveling this perplexing model by moving a portion of the worth formation of the versatile gadgets (e. G video recorder) to the PC which was better at dealing with this funct

Compare And Contrast Essay -- essays research papers

One of my preferred activities is to memory with my dad. It is so loosening up just to kick back and talk about bygone eras. Something that it extremely interesting when my dad and I talk about things from the past is the significant contrasts between our pasts despite the fact that we both experienced childhood in a similar town. Presently when individuals state that "times are a changing'" I truly comprehend what they mean.      In my town there is a delightful lake. The landscape around the lake is completely stunning. At the point when my dad was more youthful, him and his companions would consistently swim in the lake. He would reveal to me interesting accounts of the bicycle rides and strolls down to the lake. My preferred piece of the tales of the lake must be what him and his companions did before they really hopped in the lake. They needed to toss shakes in the water to frighten off the snakes! I was unable to try and envision swimming in a lake realizing that there were winds in the water.      When I was more youthful, I was never so anyone might hear to go to the lake. The bicycle ride was very to far away for me and my companions to take on. The lake was posted private property by new proprietors of homes in the region. Furthermore, as gossip has it, the lake is polluted from another huge organization in the zone. Consequently, I never spent my late spring days swimming around in the lake in my town like my dad did.      One of my beloveded recollections manages heading off to the neighborhood park. My mother or father used to bring me there wi...

Getting the Best Alien 1979 Essay Topics

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Preparing To Write A Tok2017 Essay Topic

<h1>Preparing To Write A Tok2017 Essay Topic</h1><p>TokFest 2020, the scholastic gathering for those that appreciate scholastics and take an interest in academic undertakings, is rapidly developing in ubiquity as one of the most exceptional and engaging meetings available. This article talks about a portion of the key contemplations when planning to compose a tok2017 exposition theme. This is a significant advance during the time spent accommodation, since it will lay the basis for helping you produce an article that has all the components important to get your name known as a writer.</p><p></p><p>TokFest exposition points frequently start with a topic. This is the same for the exposition subjects that are to be composed at this renowned occasion. This implies while picking which exposition subjects to compose, you have to pick a theme that permits you to flaunt your composing aptitudes just as to connect with the peruser. Before you start to consider your subject, you should initially comprehend what sort of author you are.</p><p></p><p>As an essayist, you might be probably the best author on the planet. Be that as it may, this is no assurance with regards to composing tok2017 article points. Along these lines, the focal point of the paper should be on how the peruser can identify with what you have composed. This will help you succeed.</p><p></p><p>As you start to set up your tok2017 paper points, you have to realize that the article ought not simply be an activity recorded as a hard copy abilities. To assist you with accomplishing this, you should initially get comfortable with what a tok2017 article is. To do this, you have to acclimate yourself with the idea of tok2017 papers. This will likewise assist you with bettering relate your composition to that of other tok2017 article topics.</p><p></p><p>TokFest exposition themes incorporate numerous styles. While you may find that you definitely realize how to compose an article, it is useful to get familiar with the entirety of the various styles. Along these lines, you won't be restricted by the sorts of points that you may definitely know.</p><p></p><p>When you start your groundwork for tok2017 exposition subjects, you ought to be sure that you have a decent comprehension of the style. The style alludes to the class or configuration where the paper will be composed. A few instances of styles incorporate paper, postulation, exposition, post-optional, experimental writing, and proposition proclamation. It is useful to comprehend what every one of these classifications are with the goal that you can use them in your writing.</p><p></p><p>Another thought when getting ready to compose a tok2017 paper is the thing that point you will utilize. While there are numerous basic themes, some may require more idea. It is important to realiz e what the subject will be before beginning your article writing.</p><p></p><p>Once you recognize what the theme will be, you can start expounding on it. You ought to abstain from expounding on your own subject as this is very dreary. Rather, you should utilize the first subject to kick you off on composing your tok2017 essay.</p>

How to Improve Your Essays - The Best Ways to Buy Essays

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Help Writing Application Essay - A New College Student Needs Some Help

<h1>Help Writing Application Essay - A New College Student Needs Some Help</h1><p>If you are another understudy, this may be your first opportunity to get help composing application expositions. Composing an exposition to get a passing mark isn't as troublesome as it sounds.</p><p></p><p>There are a few schools that suggest that you start with an article around three to four months before your test. This permits you to compose an exposition and assemble your contemplations about the subject of the test. It additionally permits you to examine and contrast the investigation material and the educational program for the test you are planning for. It is critical to get thoughts and data about the subjects, with the goal that you can compose them appropriately so as to structure the article properly.</p><p></p><p>You ought to compose your paper on the primary day of class. You should prepare and figure out what sort of data you will remember for the initial segment of the exposition. The main alternative that you need to structure your exposition in any case is to make it as well as can be expected be.</p><p></p><p>Before you start, it is a smart thought to set up a couple of points that you need to talk about in your paper. Simply ensure that the subjects that you incorporate are applicable to the test you are intending to take. Additionally, ensure that the subject of your paper is perfect with the subject of the test. This is the place conceptualizing comes in.</p><p></p><p>One great approach to get a few thoughts is to contact different understudies in the class and approach them for criticism. Another strategy is connect with yourself in center gatherings and request that the understudies talk about themes with you. You can likewise utilize these gatherings to discover subjects for your paper. Thusly, you will think that its simple to know which subj ects are not common.</p><p></p><p>In terms of the themes, you should focus on what you need to state. Try not to restrict yourself to only a solitary theme, as this may be exhausting. Ensure that you center around every subject independently so you don't rehash yourself. You will presumably think that its simpler to compose when you have a topic to follow.</p><p></p><p>Once you have discovered the themes, begin composing your application article. Start with a presentation, at that point proceed onward to the body, at that point the end. Finish the exposition by summing up your points.</p><p></p><p>As soon as you get the themes, compose the application paper. Set up a couple of subjects first and afterward set out to compose the remainder of the essay.</p>

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Evolution Of The Summit Bank Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Since the inception of the Summit Bank on 18th August 2010 the bank has focused on an aggressive growth strategy and reinvented its mission and vision statements, the bank was previously known as ArifHabib and was Partially acquired by Suroor Investments a stron financial group. Later took place the acquisition of Mybank this is where this research project has played the role. The Research project focuses on the post merger profitability analysis with two approaches (i) Financial comparison before and after the merger, (ii) Questionnaire data tabulation where qualitative data was measured. Once the results of the two approaches were obtained they were combined to reach an answer to the hypothesis of the research. The aim of the study was not to study this particular meger alone but was also to see what elements affected in making a merger result as a good/profitable/ efficient/ correct decision merger. It also opens way for opportunities related to future bank mergers. Actually the decision making of those mergers what should be the pre-requisites. Strategic management was well studied and discussed with the managers and employees, followed by an in-depth analysis of the organizational effects it had. INTRODUCTION Company Overview Summit bank which is the subject of our study is presently one of the fastest growing commercial bank. Coming to evolution of the Summit Bank The Pakistan operations of Rupali Bank Limited were acquired by Arif Habib Securities Limited under the Scheme of Amalgamation approved by the State Bank of Pakistan. The name of Rupali Bank Ltd was subsequently changed to Arif HabibRupali Bank Ltd and then finally to Arif Habib Bank Ltd in October 2007. On 31st March 2010, Suroor Investments Ltd,   a company incorporated in Mauritius, acquired 59.41% stake in Arif Habib Bank Ltd from Arif Habib Securities Ltd, and on 18th August 2010, ArifHabib Bank Ltd was rebranded as Summit Bank Ltd. Suroor Investments Ltd, also entered into share purchase agreements (SPAs) with majority shareholders of MyBank Ltd and Atlas Bank Ltd, who after completion of the transactions have merged in Summit Bank Ltd expanding the Banks geographical outreach with a network of 166 Real Time Online branches across the country. In line with the managements vision of making this bank a front runner amongst its peer banks, this merger has brought synergies and access to a wider range of markets and customers.[i] This is information shows that the bank went through several stages of acquisition and merger before becoming what it is today. This also shows that the bank had different management hence different decision makers at different steps, we cannot ignore the positions Mybank and Atlas Bank and the study must separately study the financial statements this will also allow us to study the synergies and burdens contributed by the merger which is part of studying the Profitability of the merger. Summit Bank Today After completion of merger with My bank on 30th December 2011 the bank is now operating with a branch network of 165 branches.[ii]As a result of merger multiple branches were located in the same vicinity which were re located strategically and were able to reduce rental costs by Rs.53 Million.[iii]This is a huge synergy that is observed in reduction of expenses and will affect the revenue of the Current Bank. Board of Directors of Summit Bank Mission Statement To be a financial institution based on Trust, Integrity and Good Governance. To deliver financial solutions to our customers. To provide equal opportunities professional working environment to our employees. To provide fair return to our shareholders on their investment. To serve the community at large. To discharge corporate social responsibility.[iv] Vision Statement To be the preferred provider of financial products services to the markets[v]. Comments From the above provided information we do realize that the banks approach is focused. The bank is clear of its objectives and of the path that needs to be followed in order to achieve the above stated framework. The first clause of the mission is regarding the work ethics of the bank the second half ensures hiring of competitive, effective and efficient management. The second clause ensures that the company want to give its employees a professional and yet comfortable environment. Third clause being most important in terms of profitability check and conflict of interest. The fourth is the purpose and survival of the organization and the last one is the realization of responsibility. Products and Services Offered The Banks Services may be divided in Six Core Services Comments There are six core services offered by the bank which is a competitive number for a bank of this size in the particular region. They are well distinguished from each other and cater to all segments and sectors from individuals to SMEs to large corporate organizations allowing a wide range of forms of transactions that may be made. Deposit Products Summit Classic Account Key Features: One account with a bundle of product Minimum monthly average balance as low as Rs. 50,000/- Up to 3 Visa Debit Cards free. Special Retirement Or Investment Insurance Plan at only Rs. 2000/month (bancassurance) Loan Facility (secured) with special rates[vi] Current Account Non-interest bearing Starter cheque book issued when the account is opened Unlimited  free-of-cost  transaction facility No deduction of Zakat Choice of periodic statements (monthly, quarterly, half-yearly and annual) by post Access to account statement anytime through Internet Banking facility Account transaction information through SMS Free issuance of VISA debit card Cash withdrawal through large ATM network[vii] Savings Account Starter cheque book is issued when the account is opened No penalty on minimum balance not being maintained Choice of periodic statements (on monthly, quarterly, half-yearly and annual basis) by post. Access to your account statement anytime through our Internet Banking and e-Statement facilities Account transaction information through SMS Free issuance of a VISA debit card Easy cash withdrawal through a vast network of ATMs[viii] Term Deposits Individuals (single or joint) Minors (to be operated by the guardian) Charitable institutions Provident fund other funds of benevolent nature Local bodies Autonomous corporations Limited companies[ix] Firms, associations, educational institutions, financial and other institutions who intend to retain their deposits for a fixed period in order to earn a higher rate of profit. MahanaAmdan Deposit Limits Rs. 50,000 up-to Rs.10 million Rate of Profit Term Deposits Expected Rate of Profit 3 Months 8.50% 6 Months 8.75% 1 Year 9.50% 2 Year 10.00% 3 Year 10.00%    Source Official Website Summit Bank dated 9/8/2012 Daily Product Account Here the interest is calculated on the daily closing balance. Hamara Summit Family Savings Account Key Features Grouped accounts for the family Initial Investment Requirement-Rs.5,000/- Minimum Balance Requirement-Rs.5,000/- Attractive return of 9% Additional 2% as bonus feature Up to Five free Visa debit cards Minors can make purchases and withdraw cash at ATMs via the Visa Debit Card[x] Summit Advantage Account Key Features: Maximum Loan up to 70% of the deposit  with no additional markup  (11.0% p.a.) Exceptional returns up to 11.0% p.a. Monthly profit payout Term: 1 year Minimum investment of Rs 100,000/- with a maximum limit of up to Rs 50,000,000 Access to a  range of value added facilities[xi] Summit Sixer Added Insurance Comments The above information describes the Key features of each product. In-depth study of the products makes the key differences evident of products under the same category. In this particular write up the differences in deposit products are evident. The different savings rates offered depending upon minimum deposits, on your income, on the time period of the deposits, if the rates are changing with every year or month then what conditions is to be met. The bank has made efforts to accommodate maximum deposit base through the variety of products and flexibility given to the consumer. This allows the consumers to choose according to their own deposit needs. Corporate and Investment Banking Commercial and SME Banking Commercial SME Division targets Medium Sized Companies with a turnover of at least PKR 25 50 million.   Financing is offered to the following Working Capital Financing Procurement of Inventory Receivables financing Procurement of Machinery Expansion of production facilities BMR Import / Exports Guarantees[xii] ConsumerBanking Home Finance These are mainly mortgage loans. These loans are offered for immovable property such as housing finance. The purpose is to allow Personal Finance The salient features of this plan are appended here-under: Loan Amount Minimum: Rs.25,000/-Maximum: Rs.1,000,000/- Loan Tenor Minimum: 1 yearMaximum: 5 years Type of Loan Term Loan Type of Facility Un-Secured Type of Markup Fixed During Loan Term Premature Payment Facility Available Loan Enhancement Facility Available  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  (History / Income Based) Loan Top-up Facility Available Source: Official Website of Summit Bank as at 9/8/12 Bancassurance Bancassurance  is the distribution of insurance products by banks, through their own distribution channels. The Products and Sub-Products are listed below MetLife Alico The Graduate Plan The Wedding Planner Golden Age Plan Goals Jubilee Life Jubilee Life (formally New Jubilee Life Insurance Company Limited), a subsidiary of the Agha Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED), Switzerland, brings global experience to Pakistan. For over a decade, Jubilee Life has been in the business of providing customers with a better life; a life of security and safety. Jubilee Lifes clients can be secured in the knowledge that their operations are backed by an internationally acclaimed organization with global reach.[xiii] SuhanaKal A combination of savings and protection elements ensuring that the family is secured even after retirement. The salient features of this plan are appended here-under: Product Type Unit linked life insurance Policy Term Min 10yrs to max up to 57 yrs with retirement age 55 75 yrs choice Minimum Basic Premium Annual 24000/,   semi-annul 12000/, quarterly 6000/- Monthly 2000/- Premium Payment Method Direct debit from SMBL account Eligible Age for Enrollment Min 18yrs to Max 65yrs Unit Allocation 1yrs policy 30%   2yrs policy 85% 3yrs policy 90% 4yrs onwards 100% AVAP 100% Investment Stratigies Managed Fund   Yaqeen Growth Fund Meesaq Fund Capital Growth Fund Loyalty Bonus 5 yrs and onwards 3% Maturity Benefit At the end of the chosen term of the plan, the policy holder will receive the accumulated cash value of the plan. If the attained age of the policy holder at maturity is 55 yrs or above, he will also have an option to use the cash value, to buy a pension, especially tailored for individuals who prefer a steady stream of income instead of a lump sum amount, at the time of retirement. The Pension term and conditions will be defined at the time of the maturity. Free Look Period 14 days Partial Withdrawal If you need to withdraw cash for meeting some emergency needs, but do not want to surrender the policy, you can withdraw any amount provided that the residual cash value of your policy after withdrawal is greater than or equal to Rs. 24,000 (the residual cash value floor may be reviewed by Jubilee Life) Grace Period 30 days (renewal) Policy Surrender After completion of two policy years (given two years complete premiums have been paid), you can surrender your policy. At the time of surrender, you will be paid in full the cash value of your fund. However, surrender in early policy years may result in lower cash values. Non-Medical Limit PKR 2.0 Million upto Age of 44 yrs Optional Riders *Optional Riders available on request Source: Official website of Summit Bank as at 9/8/12 SunehraAaghaaz SunehraAaghaaz offers to make regular, systematic savings, and allows for protection to the family from uncertainties. The salient features of this plan are appended here-under: Product Type Unit linked life insurance Policy Term Min 10yrs to max up to 70 yrs Minimum Basic Premium Annual 24000/,semi-annul 12000/, quarterly 6000/- Monthly 2000/- Premium Payment Method Direct debit from SMBL account Eligible Age for Enrollment Min 18yrs to Max 65yrs Unit Allocation 1yrs policy 30% 2yrs policy 85% 3yrs policy 90% 4yrs onwards 100% AVAP 100% Investment Stratigies Managed Fund Yaqeen Growth Fund Meesaq Fund Capital Growth Fund Loyalty Bonus 5 yrs and onwards 3% Maturity Benefit Account value Payable in Lump sum Payment Free Look Period 14 days Partial Withdrawal If you need to withdraw cash for meeting some emergency needs, but do not want to surrender the policy, you can withdraw any amount provided that the residual cash value of your policy after withdrawal is greater than or equal to Rs. 24,000 (the residual cash value floor may be reviewed by Jubilee Life) Grace Period 30 days (renewal) Policy Surrender After the completion of two policy years (given two years complete premiums have been paid), you can surrender your policy. At the time of surrender, you will be paid in full the Cash Value of your fund. However, surrender in early policy years may result in lower cash values. Non-Medical Limit PKR 2.0 Million upto Age of 44 yrs Optional Riders *Optional Riders available on request Source: Official website of summit bank as at 9/8/12. Electronic Banking Our Mobile Banking allows customers to avail a variety of banking services of pure SMS-based technology, including mobile balance recharge and utility bill payments, as well as account information. Internet Banking is another channel on which we offer extensive banking services. Customers can view account information, pay bills, transfer funds, and conduct many other transactions through their account(s) Hence providing a fast, secure and convenient way to banking. Summit Bank is  a member of 1LINK Guarantee Limited. To learn about the products and services offered by 1LINK, please click on the link  https://www.1link.net.pk.[xiv] Remittance Summit Bank has designed and developed its own electronic interface by the name of Amanat Cash to facilitate various exchange companies and banks to send home remittance to Pakistan on real time basis. This has made possible, for all Pakistanis, to receive remittances by their loved ones for FREE, in a fast and fully secured manner. The service we offer is readily available to every one regardless of having account in Summit Bank.[xv] Salient Features Of Summit Bank Home Remittance includes: Fastest Account Credit Free Quick Processing Real Time Premium, exclusively dedicated friendly Customer Service for Home Remittance Customers. 24/7 Customer support through Contact Center. Trade Finance Trade Finance Trade Finance being the prime focus of our Management, we offer wide variety of Funded and Non-Funded Trade related facilities.[xvi] Other Services To become highly Competitive in the field Evening Banking Branches were highlighted these branches operate longer than the usual banking hours, to further enhance the experience e-banking services were introduced which did satisfy the needs of different segments of the consumers. The Saturday banking branches were also singled out as Saturday is holiday for other banks. The Bank was successfully able to become part of the VISA international network by August 2011.[xvii]This allows the bank to increase the source of foreign exchange as well as income not to forget it removes restriction from being able to obtain local currency from anywhere where ATMs are located. These policies show that the bank is ambitious to achieve its goals of widening and diversifying its customer base, continuous innovation and addition to product and services offered, also, to continue to increase its present e-banking and branching banking services. Literature Review Banking Banking is part of the financial systems; which has a vast number of institutions working under it for the allocation and mobilization of financial resources, is an integral part of the economy. Banking in my view is a phenomena itself no less a world of its own yet so closely related to the global economic phenomena, business cycles, and money supply. They act as intermediaries between the surplus units and the deficit units. Savers are mainly households, whereas borrowers are businesses, investors and firms As suppliers, households are depositors of savings; as users they are borrowers of the banking system, where banks are financial intermediaries.[xviii] When talking of the structure of the financial system it is divided in two parts indirect finance and direct finance it is the indirect finance where commercial banks play a role. The mechanism shows us how banks are driving forces for the economic development through economic growth when the borrowers have successful business ventures resulting in profits which result in corporate expansion increased income and increased employment reducing improving the countrys GDP. Now once we are through with the role of banks let us not forget that commercial banks are also businesses which need to be successful business ventures and failure to make profits can lead to their shutdown and deteriorate the trust of the savers from the banking system, especially in a developing economy such as Pakistan. Banks have their own products which are a source profits their balance is different yet the same if the products are understood well. Moving on banking in Pakistan is as much a baby as the country itself and with the many economic and other political and many more factors the banking system has suffered much, political influence in the wreckage of banks cannot be ignored. The relationship is explicit in the diagram on the next page. There is a list of Banking Risks faced by the banks whose in depth analysis is interesting and a new opening. FINANCIAL SYSTEM: Flow of funds Structure Operations Str[xix] Debt or Equity Funds Investment funds Investment Funds Surplus Units Savers Households Business Firms Government Foreigners Deficit Units Spenders Households Business Firms Government Foreigners Debt or Equity Funds Direct Finance Financial Markets Loan Funds Deposit Funds Indirect Finance Financial IntermediationBanking Sector in Pakistan When talking about banks it is the central bank which never loses its importance which in most part of the world is separate from the government which really doesnt mean it is separate from political influences. In Pakistan State Bank plays the role, gives all the advises and set all the rules and regulations not to forget offers investment opportunities to the banks in Pakistan to a high level that economic growth is actually reduced. Before we move on to the current banking structure lets see what history tells us at the time of partition all banks but two moved to India with all their major clients, the two banks which stayed included Habib Bank and all in all Pakistan had 70 branches of banks in all. At the time there was no central bank for Pakistan and Reserve Bank of India acted as the central bank as Pakistan did not have its own currency however India soon started to withdraw the currency. This gave the newly born country a huge set back as the Reserve Bank started withdrawing money Pakistan then came up with its own currency and in June 1948 Pakistan succeeded to do so. Then came development of the financial sector which was soon met by two wars 1965 and 1975 which were a set back to the system. Today, after much struggle the banking sector in Pakistan has made a stand and needs to improve further, foreign banks have come in after privatization of the banking sector was introduced the corporate sector was given credits which again further improved the positions and after this rapid decade long phase of privatization we recognize the 6 largest banks of Pakistan particularly in terms of deposit percentage. This introduced interest rate banking in more free and obvious ways. However currently in the year 2012 it is observed that many large foreign banks have wrapped up their system and plan to retrieve. The growth rate of the deposits say Financial savings also play a vital role, during the past decade this average growth rate of financial savings was 13% per year.[xx] Financial system deposits include banking system deposits and NBFIs deposits. NSS are not part of Financial System Deposits, these have increased from Rs 1174 Billion to Rs 4731 Billion over the past decade. And Banking Deposits were the largest being being 97%[xxi]. The banking sector of Pakistan consists of the total 40 banks in which there are 4 public scheduled banks operating, 25 local private banks, 7 foreign banks and 4 specialized banks[xxii]. Post-Merger Profitability Analysis As observed from the past studies it is seen that vast number of academic research analyze pre and post-merger efficiency and profitability however it is also observed that these studies are done with respect to a particular subject such as the wealth holder that is the equity holder, however this particular research paper will analyze efficiency and profitability in particular from the perspective of the institute itself and hence the shareholder. In order to evaluate the financial performance of an institute use of financial ratios is like a universal standard which will be the main research methodology used here. The research method has also been used by (Kemal, 2011) for RBS. In his paper he has mentioned Rhoades (1993) whose paper had 33 bank to bank mergers as a sample and he has discussed cost and profit efficiency with borders and cross borders and no cost efficiency was analyzed cross border mergers. Another paper Resti (1998) analyzed the paper with respect to performance, target markets of merged banks and reached to a conclusion that the efficiency did increase in the later years of the merger if the size of the bank was not too big. The article also concluded that it was better if the merged bank were of equal size. Challenges Issues The higher credit risk in the form of non-performing loans is affecting the performance of the bank in particular where we have government influence. Second major issue is that of performance is that the public banks are more affected by the adverse situations of the economy and non-satisfactory governance the higher degree of capital losses result in insolvency which is then covered by the SBP. To create a higher degree of competition and to increase the transparency in the management of the whole system privatization should be considered as a basic agenda. Proper diversification of the risk among all the sectors should be done e.g. restricting the flow of credit to just a few sectors which results in the earnings highly skewed to the performance of those sectors which can further be of high risk. The high liquidity requirements by bank can also be a source of inefficiency making its proper management a crucial task. As maintaining a higher level of liquidity the required means the bank is under utilizing its assets making the banking business cost ineffective by increasing the costs of funding There is a need to identify all the supervisory authorities; their responsibilities, effective implementation of the supervisory framework for which the trained staff is a prerequisite. Strict notice should be taken with respect to enforcement of law, implementations of the judgments of the courts on the basis of the disputes relating to the financial issues. Hence, the efficiency analysis of banks will help to identify the attainment of efficiency using rational resources which seem to be in accordance with the policies of the management and more importantly the function of bank in the economy; only if the banks will be operating in the efficient manner the efficient allocation of money can take place. Competitive Analysis For the purposes of competitive analysis NIB bank has been selected. NIB bank has a very similar history of mergers as Summit Bank and hence is a good benchmark for analysis of financial data not to forget that the NIB Bank size is also in the same bracket as Summit Bank. About NIB Bank NIB started operations in October 2003 with a paid up capital of Rs. 1.2 bn. Operations for NDLC, IFICs Pakistan and Credit Agricole Indosuez Pakistan were amalgamated with their assets and liabilities in April 2004. Temasek Holdings acquired 25% shareholding in NIB in March 2005 through Bugis Investments which was enhanced to over 70% in June 2005.NIB has branches all over Pakistan.[xxiii] We will focus on the Financial Analysis of the two Banks over the past three years. MyBank INTRODUCTION Company Overview My bank was launched in 2005 as a public limited company under the Companies Ordinance 1984. Its banking operations commenced from November 2005. The bank was involved in commercial banking and related services. Remittance Deposit schemes Foreign trade Utility collection bills Lockers Car financing MySahoolat (MyDream Home) home financing Easy credit scheme Agricultural finance schemes Online banking ATMs Mobile banking. Were the services offered by the bank. Vision Statement To be the best Customer Service bank in the country with the highest Economic Value Added through engaged and motivated people. Mission Statement Satisfying customers, building the productive everlasting relationship. Core values Comments The Core values of the two banks were coherent, which is very essential. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS BEFORE AND AFTER MERGER Earning Per Share As it may be evident the earning per share situation has improved after the merger it was negative 2 and this has most certainly declined even though Summit has not as yet announced any dividends. As for ROI we may see clerarly from the Financial Reports that the ROI has also improved over the past year this was attributed to the reduction in cost when the two banks merged and synergies enavbled them to layoff as well as close down unnecessary branches and strategically relocate wher they could pitch more number of Depositors. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS WITH COMPETITOR Financial Analysis Profitability Analysis Performance 2011 2010 2009 1 ROE -27.9% -83.98% -50.83% 2 ROA -1.28% -4.18% -5.41% 3 Pre-Provisions Operating Profit / Avg. Equity -56.84% -40.34% -12.04% 4 Pre-Provisions Operating Profit / Avg. Assets -2.69% -2.80% -1.28% 5 Personnel Expense to Total Net Revenue 327.20% 176.48% 127.93% 6 Cost to Total Revenue -448.79% -194.00% 483.50% 7 Other Operating Income / Total Net Revenue 56.22% 35.23% 30.30% 8 Taxes / Pre Tax Profit -49.50% -22.12% -9.57% 9 Net Non Earning Assets / Assets net of Non Interest Liabilities 25.17% 22.59% 16.10% Profitability Ratios for Summit Bank Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of Summit Bank. Profitability Ratios for NIB Bank A PERFORMANCE 2011 2010 2009 1 ROE -15.05% -74.02% 1.66% 2 ROA -14.95% -74.01% 1.66% 3 Pre- Provision Operating Profit/ Avg Equity -5.24% -9.30% 6.70% 4 Pre- Provision Operating Profit/ Avg Assets -5.23% -9.32% 4.46% 5 Personnel Expenses- to Total Net Revenue 111.13% 149.12% 75.48% 6 Cost- to Total Net Revenue 120.47% 151.79% 84.00% 7 Other Operating Income/Total Net Revenue 50.86% 36.78% 23.75% 8 Taxes/Pre Tax Profit 41.27% 19.88% -7.29% 9 Net Non- Earning Assets/ Assets net of Non- Interest Liabilities 34.68% 33.05% 42.01% Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of NIB Bank Comments As may observed from the above ratios the profitability ratios of NIB bank are better this may be due to the MBL merger as that introduced a lot of defaulter credit base which the bank was able to in 2011 however we see that Summit Banks position has improved contrary to NIB bank whose position has deteriorated over the past three years. The most important ratio here is ROE specially when our study is based upon analyzing the efficiency of the mergers. Capital Adequacy Ratio Analysis Capital Adequacy Ratios for Summit Bank B. CAPITAL ADEQUACY 2011 2010 2009 1 Equity / Total Assets 4.60% 4.97% 10.65% 2 Adjusted Equity ( including revaluation surplus ) / Total Assets 5.20% 4.67% 10.62% 3 Revaluation Surplus ( deficit ) / Adjusted Equity 11.58% -6.54% -0.28% 4 Capital Adequacy Ratio as per SBP 7.77% 5.35% 9.83% Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of Summit Bank Capital Adequacy Ratios for NIB Bank B CAPITAL ADEQUACY   2011 2010 2009   1 Equity/Total Assets 8.78% 8.31% 20.01%   2 Adjusted Equity (Including revaluation impact)/Total Assets 8.83% 8.31% 19.95%   3 Revaluation Surplus/(Deficit)/Adjusted Equity 0.66% 0.01% -0.28%   4 Capital Adequacy Ratio as per SBP 7.77% 5.35% 9.83% Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of NIB Bank Comments It is clearly evident that the equity for NIB is much stronger than that of Summit Bank however it may not be said that it is a good sign as it reflects the under utilization of Assets by NIB bank we need the Industry averages to make more appropriate conclusions. As the impact of stability will become more evident as NIB is more stable and less aggressive at the moment. Also the economic situation has to be kept in mind. LiquidityRatio Analysis Liquidity Ratios for Summit Bank    LIQUIDITY 2011 2010 2009 1 Liquid Assets / Deposits and Borrowings 39.47% 34.02% 36.91% 2 Finances / Deposits and Borrowings 43.98% 54.65% 56.31% 3 Finances / deposits 64.75% 71.05% 59.14% 4 Demand Deposits / Total Deposits 19.78% 13.06% 12.42% 5 Export Refinance / Advances 38.06% 11.83% 8.40% 6 Finance ( net of Export Refinance ) / Deposits 40.11% 62.65% 54.17% 7 Government Securities / Total Assets 25.83% 21.11% 23.33% 8 Finances / Total Assets 40.21% 49.81% 48.48% 9 Lending to Financial Institutions/Borrowing from FIs (net of ERF) 6.37% 0.00% 8897.41% Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of Summit Bank C LIQUIDITY 2011 2010 2009 1   Liquidity Assets/Deposits and Borrowings            2 Finances/Deposits and Borrowings 38.60% 47.40% 50.59%   3 Demand Deposits/Total Deposits 30.39% 25.19% 26.40%   4 Export Refinance/Advances 16.00% 17.30% 17.01%   5 Finances (net of export refinance)/Deposits 50.41% 56.54% 71.20%   6 Government Securities/Total Assets 34.25% 31.08% 33.55%   7 Finances/Total Assets 45.53% 55.27% 54.71%   8 Lending to Financial Institutions/Borrowing from Fis(net ERF) 38.96% 21.82% 11.78% Liquidity Ratios for NIB Bank Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of NIB Bank Comments In terms of Liquidity both banks have comparable ratios which shows that after all Summit is doing well within its branch size has sufficient depositors to keep up in the market even though deposits are never enough in a bank. The liquidity is in good shape Demand deposits portray a comfortable position. Loan Loss Coverage Ratios Analysis Loan Loss Coverage Ratios for Summit Bank D. Loan Loss coverage   2011 2010 2009 1 Impaired Lending / Gross Advances 48.75% 34.42% 31.25% 2 Loan Loss Provisions (Specific + General) / Impaired Lending 49.37% 50.24% 51.19% 3 Net Impaired Lending / Equity 206.05% 157.77% 60.22% 4 Net Impaired Lending / Adjusted Equity 182.20% 168.09% 60.39% Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of Summit Bank Loan Loss Coverage Ratios for NIBBank D LOAN LOSS COVERAGE 2011 2010 2009   1 Impaired Lending/Gross Finances 64.73% 50.33% 28.87%   2 Loan Loss Provision/Impaired lending -69.10% -68.50% -68.20%   3 Net Impaired lending/Equity 447.91% 545.79% 201.76%   4 Net Impaired lending/Adjusted Equity 444.93% 545.76% 202.32% Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of NIB Bank Comments Impaired Lending has been generally high in the year round for all the banks and in this respect we see that despite of all the impaired lending brought in by my bank Summit has been able to keep the figures under control unlike NIB Bank which has figures crossing 60%. Now this is alarming for the Banks. Growth Ratios for Summit bank F. GROWTH   2011 2010 1 Total assets 65.70% 89.32% 2 Gross Finances 38.91% 106.17% 3 Impaired Lending 96.75% 127.12% 4 Investments 93.91% 76.13% 5 Deposits 46.77% 61.91% 6 Equity 53.26% -11.61% Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of Summit Bank Growth Ratio for Summit Bank F GROWTH 2011.00 2010.00 2009.00   1 Total Assets -5.81 -21.03 4.61   2 Gross Finances -14.11 -1.66 2.75   3 Impaired lending -1.49 48.15 4.33   4 Investments -4.23 -17.05 77.48   5 Customer Deposits 39.46 34.76 -10.20   6 Equity -0.57 -67.19 1.55 Source: The data to calculate values was taken from Annual Report of NIB Bank Comments The growth ratios also reflect that summit bank is doing what they want an aggressive growth with percentages 65% as compared to those of NIB Bank. MEGA ENVIRONMENT INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Mega Environment The Mega Environment of the Summit Bank involves economic, political, socio-cultural, technological environment and religion where Islamic Banking plays a role, Pakistan being Islamic Republic of Pakistan hence the constitution is in coherence with Shariah Law. Source: Adapted from Sadler and Craig (2003)Strategic Management, p.52 Political and Legal Environment Political environment and its impact on the banking industry, before the financial liberalization and privatization period commercial banks in Pakistan mainly catered to the borrowing needs of the Government. This way Banking credit was concentrated to a few public sector organizations and the growth of the private sector was not evident. This suited the banks requirement to take less risk and not to overlook the fact that it opened doors for many such political influencers the Mehran bank scandal to BCCI fraud all are evident results from the time. This way the financial system suffered, political interference in decision making related to lending created distortions in the system due to the excessively low recovery rates on such loans[xxiv]. The all time NPLs issue that we face today. Economic Environment The main factors in economic environment affecting the banking industry include GDP growth rate, inflation rate, changes in the level of interest rates, money supply, disposable income, unemployment rates. Considering the GDP growth rate as new jobs are created in the economy the income per capita will increase, people will have higher purchasing power and higher disposable income which will lead to high savings i.e.; the deposits for banks will increase and hence they will have more funds to lend out.[xxv] Technological Environment The technological environment plays a vital role in changing the dynamics of the banking industry, having both optimistic as well as the adverse impacts for the banking industry. Information technology help banks in such a way that it reduces the costs involved in the processing and management of the information, Socio-cultural Environment The most important factor observed in the last few years in Pakistan is the change of lifestyle of the people which has in turn affected their consumption patterns people are more inclined towards consumption and less savings. People tend to borrow more and more they want to consume today and pay tomorrow. It can become a major source of interest revenue for the firm as higher interest rate can be charged; higher risk premium involved. There is increased demand for services . Religion Religion as mentioned above for Pakistan has played a key role played a key role in changing how things work in the industry as well as increased the level of competition with introduction of Islamic banking and other Islamic products.. There has been observed quite high expansion in the Islamic banking especially in FY 2005-10. Islamic banking is widely practiced in various Muslim countries and it is regarded as the interest-free banking. The main difference/ conflict between the conventional and the Islamic banking are the interest rates. However the average annual growth of ten years FY 2000-11 of Islamic Banks has observed to be 46% as compared to the growth of commercial banks around 14% which is much less as compared to Islamic Banks[1]xxvixxvii. Porters Competitive Forces Source: Hill and Jones (2012), Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach p.50 Michael E. Porter introduced the concept of how strategy is affected by the competitive forces of the industry in his article published in Harvard Business Review, March/April 1979[xxviii]. Despite the reported criticisms of the model, it is still effective as a foundation for industry analysis. Considering the banking sector of Pakistan, the Five Forces Model signifies attractiveness of the industry in which Summit Bank operates. Evaluation of these competitive forces will help shape the appropriate strategy for the organization. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Suppliers in case of banking industry are the service providers utilities, transportation, security, IT support, operations skilled workers, contacts, ability of customization of product. These liaisons are significant and impact the smooth operations of Summit Bank. Any discrepancy in these services gives rise to operational risk associated with the bank. Threat of New Entrants For banking sector, the threat of new entrants has been disproportionate[xxix], due to the minimum capital requirement (MCR) and capital adequacy (CAR) as required by the BASEL system. According to a prudential regulation circular issued by SBP, all locally incorporated banks are required to attain CAR of 10% and MCR of PKR 15 billion by the end of 2011, PKR 19 billion by the end of 2012, and PKR 23 billion by the end of 2013[xxx]. All banks (foreign or local) being incorporated after the issuance of circular i.e. after 2005, will be required to have the MCR of PKR 23 billion at the time of their incorporation. The foreign banks in Pakistan with their Head Offices holding paid-up capital, will have to attain approval from SBP regarding MCR and CAR, depending upon their branches in Pakistan. Similarly, the Direct Finance Institutions (DFIs) are required to attain MCR of PKR 9 billion by 2010. The aforementioned capital requirements raise the barriers to entry for local banks. However, the foreign groups having strong backing and necessary capital can diffuse in the banking sector of Pakistan which at the moment is not a feasible option as we see that many of the foreign bank which had come in recently are closing down their operations even citi bank one of the oldest foreign bank has shut down its operations in many parts. After all the foreign banks come across problems with respect to license acquisition and operations in Pakistan. Influx of Islamic banking institutions has been on the rise in Pakistan, while foreign banks like RBS, ABN-Amro, CitiBank, HSBC, etc. are either acquired by local banks or divesting their operations[xxxi]. Threat of Substitute Products Substitute products in case of banking sector could be the services of non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) like insurance companies, credit unions, mutual funds, investment banks offering advisory services for IPOs, asset management companies, Islamic finance companies, mortgage and/or leasing institutions, etc. The strength of these substitute products are derived from the rate of return they offer and the quality of customer services that are being provided by them[xxxii]. Commercial banks are offering multifarious services to compete with these substitutes. Introduction of hybrid accounts, reduction in fees, and bundling of auxiliary services are few examples of such changes[xxxiii]. In Pakistans banking sector, commercial banks have the stronghold; however, Islamic financing and mutual funds are catching up in terms of reported profits and growth rates. To encounter this threat, Summit Bank will; have to move on and start Islamic Banking Operations. Bargaining Power of Buyers In case of general banking in Pakistan, the switching costs are low for most customers; hence they have more bargaining powers. Other components increasing their bargaining costs include the sources of publically available information, which allows them to compare the products of different banks. Degree of Rivalry The core of other four forces is the intensity of rivalry prevalent in the banking sector in Pakistan. The attributes of those factors act as the determinants of competitiveness in among the existing banks. As of June 2011, there are 32 local banks (with 9,431 branches nationwide) available in Pakistan, while 12 foreign banks are operational (with 32 branches across the country)[xxxiv]. The deposits of local banks (both private and public) grew by 17.60% on YoY basis, while those of foreign banks decreased -0.18%. Part of this impact has been due to the merger of RBS into Faysal Bank Limited in December 2010. HBL is the biggest player in the private banks with over 1400 branches across Pakistan. Other Top 5 banks of Pakistan include NBP, MCB, ABL, and UBL. External Factor Analysis After assessing the opportunities and threats external to the organization, the External Factor Analysis Summary is prepared[xxxv]. The first column consists of the Summit Banks strategic opportunities and threats, while the respective weights (0 to 1) are assigned according to the factors significance in the banking sector. Subsequent ratings (1 to 5) are given for each factor depending upon the organizations response to the external factors present. The next column shows the weighted score of the bank for each factor. The total weighted score calculated in the External Factor Analysis Summary Table shows that how effectively the organization is responding to the prevailing environmental conditions. External Factors Analysis Summary External Factors Weight Rating Weighted Score OPPORTUNITIES Demand for SME Financing 0.10 3 0.30 Increased Rural Demand 0.05 2 0.10 Expansion in Islamic Banking 0.2 4 0.80 Improved Technology 0.05 3 0.15 Change in Consumption Patterns 0.20 4 0.80 THREATS Differentiation on Services 0.05 3 0.15 Mobile Banking Security Threats 0.05 2 0.10 Branchless Banking 0.1 2 0.20 Competition from Islamic Banks 0.05 4 0.20 SBP Policy Changes 0.15 4 0.60 TOTAL 3.40 Source: Format suggested by R. Srinivasan (2005) in Strategic Management: The Indian Context Comments Opportunities Demand for SME Financing: In the current economic conditions there is a need for SME financing in order to move the business and inject cash flow so that the business may expand. The banking sector is not sufficiently catering to the SME sector due to high risks involved as such businesses are mostly un-documented, a few microfinance have recently come in emergence and are somewhat looking after the need like Kashaf Bank even though It raises the costs for banks to evaluate their credit worthiness. However, if Summit Bank focuses on such areas it can prove to be a profitable segment supported by large customer base. Presently, around 85% of the SME credit is given to the manufacturing and trading whereas while many potential areas remain untapped. The increased need of consumer financing can create greater opportunities for banks by increasing their exposure to consumer advances portfolio by charging higher interest rates on their advances due to risk premium they will be able to im prove their asset yield given the fact that NPLs stay within the tolerance level. Increased Rural Demand: There is a lot of demand in the agriculture Sector for loans particularly due to the floods which have ruined the soil in those areas and livestock, again Sindh Bank has tried to cater for it however political influences will never allow competition, besides influences banks are not currently catering to this sector due to the collateral problems available and hence there is a lot of scope for bank to cater to this particular segment which is evident from the share of agriculture in GDP which is still around 20%. Expansion in Islamic Banking: A dramatic increase has been observed in Islamic Banking the average annual growth of Islamic banking has been around 46% as compared to the commercial banks rate of growth of 14%[xxxvi]. Although the assets of the Islamic Banks have remained concentrated in the six dominant Islamic banks. This volatile growth was due to the new clientele network and inclination of people towards the Islamic banking rather than the conventional banking and by expanding into Islamic banking network Summit can avail the opportunities of increasing its fund base. Improved Technology: Through the use of improved and efficient information technology (IT) and risk management system the intermediation costs of the bank can be reduced; which will further lead to higher spread which in turn will translate into higher profitability. Change in Consumption Patterns: The socio-cultural changes are influencing the consumption patterns of the people. Even though the disposable income has not increased but people are using their future income for consumption through the use of credit cards i.e.; plastic money and currently the interest rate charged on credit cards is around 38-40% and by increasing its focus towards this segment and by launching various value-added services the bank can capitalize on this opportunity. Threats Differentiation on Services: The increase in the number of private banks has increased the competition within the banking industry, since banking is a service industry the only way to compete in it is through service, price wars tend to play a minimal role in banking industry and hence arises a need for differentiation of the products and in the service level for the bank to be remained as a preferred bank by the consumers. Mobile Banking Security Threats: As mobile banking and the e-banking has increased along with the technological implementations there exist certain loop holes in the system for hackers to exploit hence a high level of security is required to protect the consumers and the bank itself from getting into a law suit.. Branchless Banking: United Bank Limiteds Omni and Telenors easypaisa mimic branchless banking facilities which Summit Bank is currently not offering none the less Summit Bank is working with western union for international money transfers in particular which make it possible for consumers to make the transactions which otherwise would not be possible and consumers worth this particular need would switch. Competition from Islamic Banks: Islamic banks are currently offering high deposit rates as compared to the commercial banks; as the nominal weighted average return on commercial banks PLS deposits is around 4.76% including current accounts whereas in the case of Islamic Banks it around 5.50% in 2010, thus there is a threat that the depositors will toggle towards the Islamic banks in an attempt to earn more returns and consequently making it a threat for commercial banks. SBP Policy Changes: Changes in SBP monetary policy can lead to changes in interest rates which in turn causes change in the intermediation costs. Moreover the changes in the regulations regarding capital requirement and exposure limits can also affect the profitability level of the bank. INTERNAL FACTORS ANALYSIS SUMMARY INTERNAL FACTORS ANALYSIS SUMMARY Evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of Summit Bank will help identify the competencies which may be capitalized upon in the long run. Also, the deficiencies in the organizations could then be condensed through appropriate actions. Summit Banks internal factors were identified by analysis of financial statements, interviews with the operational as well as top management, and the insights offered by the banking sector experts for expert opinion some magazine cuttings were taken and have been referred to throughout. After assessing the strengths and weaknesses internal to the organization, the Internal Factor Analysis Summary is prepared[xxxvii]. The first column consists of the Summit Banks strategic strengths and weaknesses, while the respective weights (0 to 1) are assigned according to the factors significance in the banking sector. Subsequent ratings (1 to 5) are given for each factor depending upon the organizations position. The comments section following the Table elucidates the reasons for selecting each strength or weakness Internal Factor Analysis Summary Internal Factors Weight Rating Weighted Score STRENGTHS Branch Network 0.15 4 0.60 Strong Deposit Base 0.15 4 0.60 Established Clientele 0.1 4 0.40 Group-Backing 0.10 4 0.40 Low-Cost Funds 0.07 4 0.28 WEAKNESSES Customer Response Time 0.05 2 0.06 Decline in Advances 0.15 3 0.45 Impaired Lending 0.10 2 0.20 Risk Mitigation 0.10 2 0.20 Employee Turnover 0.05 3 0.15 TOTAL 3.34 Source: Format suggested by R. Srinivasan (2005) in Strategic Management: The Indian Context Comments Strengths Branch Network: Summit Bank is a medium sized bank when we talk about the Asset Base of the bank however the bank right now is following an aggressive approach to achieve its goals of an increased asset base. With respect to the branches of Summit Bank, are 166 operational presently. The Top 5 banks of Pakistan namely NBP, HBL, MCB, ABL and UBL are the prime competitors due to their asset base. However, other banks like Askari Commercial Bank, Standard Chartered, and Faysal Bank are gaining significance as competitors in regular banking. Strong Deposit Base: The deposits of Summit Bank includes Mybanks deposits too and hence has become huge CMH are also good clients.. Through opening of new branches, offering services that the clients require, and hiring skilled CROs, the bank is successful in attracting new deposits every year. Established Clientele: The prime customers of the banks consist of established businesses and multi-national corporations. Their transactions constitute significant share of business of Summit Bank. These clients keep the bank as an essential liaison in terms of trade financing, overdraft lending, letters of credit, deposits, etc[xxxviii]. Group Backing: Summit Bank is backed by Arif Habib group a leading name in Pakistan. And Suroor investments a group with the adequate equity. The strength of the parent company is evident in terms of raising funds to fulfill the liquidity required by the bank. Subordinated loans as the Tier II Capital in the balance sheet of Summit Bank is one example of such backing by the Abu Dhabi Group5. Weaknesses Customer Response Time: The customers seem happy with the branch network presence and with the EFFICIENCY there some of the customer interviews showed that certain customers had only recently moved to the new branch near their new location and were more satisfied with the service than the older bank service which were also namely old bank with an apparent excellent reputation. Decline in Advances: Summit Bank is inclined towards maintaining appropriate liquidity levels to match the withdrawals of the demand deposits, hence their advances have declined. Primarily, the respective funds are invested in the T-Bills as they have no credit risk and can be liquidated whenever required5. Impaired Lending: The degree of non-performing loans has risen in case of Summit Bank, despite its adherence to the SBP regulations regarding the maximum exposure in a given sector. The rate of repayment of loans given to related parties is lower, while the greatest portion of impaired lending is attributed to the Textile sector, with inadequate provisions. The second largest NPLs have originated from consumer loans offered to individuals (albeit credit worthy on paper)[xxxix]. These NPLs were mostly brought in by My Bank and Atlas Bank a gift of the mergers. Risk Mitigation: The b

How to Write an Online Dating College Essay

<h1>How to Write an Online Dating College Essay</h1><p>Online dating is on the ascent and, as more individuals go into the dating scene, universities are beginning to incorporate web based dating into their educational program. As individuals become increasingly mindful of the beneficial things that can emerge out of internet dating, the school exposition turns out to be all the more a reality and more articles are being composed online.</p><p></p><p>In this paper, we will discuss two or three things that are significant recorded as a hard copy a web based dating school exposition. We will likewise take a gander at certain strategies for exposition composing that you can utilize. The principal activity is realize what your guidelines are, at that point you will have the option to characterize your composing style lastly, you will recognize what your subject is.</p><p></p><p>Most individuals don't have an exceptionally elevated expectation and, since they are not used to composing school papers, a typical issue that is experienced is an author going for punctuation or spelling blunders. The standard is straightforward - ensure that your point isn't self-absorbed.</p><p></p><p>Theme: Make sure that the topic of your paper is in accordance with your internet dating profile. A genuine case of a point would be somebody's encounters as an individual from the other gender, and you ought to abstain from discussing your character, past relationship encounters, fears or different subjects that will just fuel your essay.</p><p></p><p>Style: This is significant recorded as a hard copy a school paper in light of the fact that numerous individuals won't be content with what you compose and will leave the article to you. One great strategy for your paper is to examine the sentence structure of famous web based dating articles. At that point, you can start to join these structures with your own sentences.</p><p></p><p>Writing Style: Your article ought to be intriguing and useful. On the off chance that you use data that is self-serving, the peruser will believe that you are not being straightforward and it will make it difficult for them to recall your essay.</p><p></p><p>These are on the whole the approaches to compose a school article, in any case, recollect, the best papers are the ones that come out of the author's head. Great luck!</p>

Essay Topics That Will Help You Find Out What the Five People You Meet in Heaven Are All About

<h1>Essay Topics That Will Help You Find Out What the Five People You Meet in Heaven Are All About</h1><p>The Five People You Meet in Heaven exposition themes will be something beyond a smart thought, it will be a delight and benefit for your brain. You will get the opportunity to consider about these five individuals and their relationship with one another in heaven.</p><p></p><p>The points that I suggest in the paper subjects are: their names, their ages, what their identity is, their calling, which cherished one is available with them, how they live, what is their religion, for what reason did they become Christians? also, by what means will they see paradise after they pass on.</p><p></p><p>The absolute first thing to be resolved in the entirety of the paper themes is to discover their names. This should be possible by asking them or gaining from others and getting a rundown of names. Before all else it is prudent to request that the primary name explain things, yet be certain that you remember to ask the second and third.</p><p></p><p>The names that I recommend in the exposition themes are: John the Baptist, Thomas a bricklayer, Mary the mother of Jesus, Joseph the craftsman, Philip the assessment gatherer, and Bartholomew the songbird. In the event that you definitely know these names or have conversed with these individuals before they pass on, utilize those names however on the off chance that you don't know about any individual who knows these names and they pass on, utilize these names.</p><p></p><p>The callings are significant in light of the fact that it mentions to you what you will be relied upon to do after you bite the dust. They are: First (Jesus), Second (Philip), Third (Mary), and Fourth (Bartholomew). For me the callings are significant as these were my preferred vocations to go into. However, as I would like to think these are i nsufficient, as they are just the minimum necessities of each profession.</p><p></p><p>After that you have to decide whether they are Protestant or Catholic. Protestant: Protestants have confidence in God and experience the confidence while Catholics have confidence in the Trinity and experience the confidence through works. These callings are likewise founded on the reason for your life and the exercises that you completed all through the years.</p><p></p><p>The other inquiry is whether they see hellfire or paradise. Protestants trust in heck, while Catholics have confidence in paradise and accept that their spirits go to paradise when they pass on. Also, the latter is what do they accept about God? Protestant: Believe in God and go to chapel, Catholics have confidence in God and go to Mass.</p>

Essay Topics for College Admission

Exposition Topics for College AdmissionWriting a simple paper subject for school affirmation has never been so straightforward. School exposition points will be the subject of conversation during your school confirmations interview.An simpler and a decent method to respond to questions is to allude to data you have taken care of. That implies, think of a subject on which you can without much of a stretch back it up with references or related realities. This is simply the best methodology to use to cause yourself to seem sure and clever. One smart thought is to dispose of all your extra time to set yourself up for the interview.You more likely than not seen an understudy who was so loaded with certainty while asking the school affirmations inquiry that the entire school entrance advisory board was persuaded that he will be an extraordinary understudy. The motivation behind why the understudy was so certain and ready to respond to such inquiries is that his theme would not be hard for him.Look at the branches of knowledge that you have done well in, as a simple paper point, and put these into a theme, coming up next is the thing that you ought to anticipate from an article that is appropriately composed: 'Regarding the matter of the issue on the pack, this is composed by Jameson Collins with a nonexclusive title about his circumstance. Here is another regarding the matter of the pack, this one is a decent one since he needed to offer a leniency on the most recent day of school in view of monetary issues. Here is another regarding the matter of the sack, and this one additionally finishes with a clarification of how he offered a leniency on the most recent day of school, and the understudies will comprehend it since the pack was utilized to cook and expend food.In this article, the least demanding and the quickest to reply, subjects will be featured. For a simple exposition theme, you can pick subjects, for example, in your school confirmations articles, how you w ent to your decision of school, what are your desires for the course, your objectives for the school profession, just as your future objective for your advanced education. Another great theme for a simple article point is: the reason would it be a good idea for me to think about Harvard College, and afterward, how would you get into Harvard? One other theme that will cause you to seem sure is: 'Question for the class, the last inquiry exactly on the sack is asked by a schoolmate, 'How would you think our leader got his insight from shrewd men?'As referenced above, composing an incredible exposition for school affirmations is fundamental. Many individuals wrongly give their application without having in any event, making a solitary stride towards making a subject that would mirror the substance of their letter. One thing that you should recollect about themes for school confirmations is that you should do a great deal of perusing, from the paper itself, so as to locate a reasonable t opic.Good composing abilities are important to make your school article subjects completely clear. It is basic that you compose your exposition point totally. Take as much time as necessary, read a book or a magazine to enable you to conceptualize, and let yourself be propelled by how others compose their subject.

Secrets About Argumentative Essay Topics on the Odyssey Revealed

<h1> Secrets About Argumentative Essay Topics on the Odyssey Revealed </h1> <h2>The One Thing to Do for Argumentative Essay Topics on the Odyssey </h2> <p>Many splendid people who made progress in life demonstrated really scholastic drop-outs. There isn't a remedy for interest. The absolute best guidance, notwithstanding, is to simply find a charming way to propose ordinary inquiries. In spite of the fact that pride might be excellent thing, he's professed to have a lot of it. </p> <p>Fran Lebowitz You don't genuinely comprehend something except if you're ready to disclose it to your grandma. In any case, chances are, if your discussion accomplice is unconstrained, they will be glad to discuss their latest experience nearby you. The discussion will cause a profound point individuals esteem. We attempted to think about the themes that worry our regular day to day existence at precisely the same time won't sound customary. </p> <p>After you choose a subject at that point form an amazing task exposition paper by complying with the reasonable structure of a factious article. When there is data in article, it's coincidentally, and if there's a sentiment, an individual need not trust it for what's to come. Decision of the article point can hinder your creative cycle for a long time, since you simply don't comprehend what you will expound on. It's imperative to choose far from being obviously true factious exposition subjects as you need contradictin g focuses you can counter to your own focuses. </p> <p>In the home part, every single one of the passages should be dedicated to the thought of one essential thought. The diagram is a fairly noteworthy part your factious article. Use progress words so as to associate the sections and produce the point stream. </p> <p>Luckily, you've as of now to the perfect spot where it is conceivable to arrange top-class pugnacious exposition at the most cheap cost. For instance, in school, you may be mentioned to form a paper from the restricting stance. Your paper wouldn't be fruitful if everything will be as simple as it appears and simply lying on a superficial level. Seeing how to create a solid factious paper can assist you with propelling your own one of a kind pugnacious reasoning. </p> <p>Often these contentions are over the subject of immunizations. Additionally, there should be adequate proof for the two perspectives you're depicting in your article. The end gives the complete decision of the contention. Your decisions should be extensive and persuading. </p> <h2> Argumentative Essay Topics on the Odyssey Options </h2> <p>You don't have to procure very specialized with lawful contentious expositions, however ensure you get your work done on what the ongoin g laws about your preferred subject really state. Today you can discover with some interesting subject tips for your essential topic. The point must be intriguing, the theme must be fundamental lastly the subject must be instructive. Frequently, the perfect subject is one which you really care about, however you additionally should get solid and steady to look into it.</p> <p>His absolute best quality is that he is very canny. Having a very much fabricated, utilitarian site gives an accommodation factor that is invaluable. The exploration was finished. To do your exploration, you can visit the library and endeavor to include unexpected sources in comparison to just the web. </p> <p>Exploring the odyssey isn't your crowd. He sets this up by discussing how Google's strategic to make the perfect web search tool that is something which sees exactly what you mean and gives you back correctly what you want. The point of this guide isn't to offer data on which systems administration destinations you ought to pick and why, yet to gracefully you with tips on the manners of web-based social networking. </p> <p>Anyway, verse is basic for all writing classes, and that implies you can't stay away from it. A contentious article is a sure kind of scholarly composition. Investigating the subject grants you to discover progressively about what captivates you, and should you pick something you truly like, composing the article will be increasingly charming. Will help with an article theme. </p> <p>Most of the people tend to flee from governmental issues and along these lines the legislative issues articles likewise, hence it is very essential to snatch the eye of the perusers till the finish of the exposition and that would be a lot of troublesome I know. Following are a couple of the recommended human science exposition point for those understudies that can't pick an extraordinary subject for their task. Expectation this rundown gives you an awesome paper composing help. </p>

How to Write Two Part College Scholarship Essay - Learn Why Its So Important

<h1>How to Write Two Part College Scholarship Essay - Learn Why It's So Important</h1><p>In request to apply for a two-section school grant, the best methodology is to begin composing your two section school grant paper as quickly as time permits. A great deal of understudies forget about time by not beginning early enough. A decent methodology for this is to search for a quality two section school grant article in any case and afterward begin on it immediately.</p><p></p><p>Once you've arranged the paper out well, begin composing by laying out your underlying arrangement for the exposition. In the event that you do this ahead of time, you can likewise stay away from any very late changes that may modify your arrangements. Along these lines, diagram what you're going to cover and where you will make your beginning of your essay.</p><p></p><p>Now that you've arranged out what you will cover in your two-section school gr ant exposition, pause for a minute to distinguish the zones in which you might want to center in your grant paper. You have to remember that a few people are simply searching for a basic school grant exposition which they can use in their school applications. Different understudies are going to require much more data in their grant essay.</p><p></p><p>When it comes to composing your two section school grant exposition, there are a few significant hints to follow that will assist you with being fruitful. In the first place, consistently ensure that your grant exposition is fascinating and important. Set aside the effort to truly consider your point and ensure that your article is elegantly composed. That way, you will be considerably more prone to be chosen for your scholarship.</p><p></p><p>The first thing that you ought to know about is that the way to progress with your exposition is to recall that you have to have solid focuses to m ake and solid suppositions to communicate. Solid sentiments will be more compelling than powerless suppositions. The key is to ensure that your two sections are well balancedso that you don't hazard losing perusers who don't concur with what you need to say.</p><p></p><p>Scholarships are available to individuals everything being equal and foundations. In case you will present your grant exposition, be certain that you have explored and thought of some great approaches to feature your own characteristics that you have so as to get your grant. Regardless of whether you are concentrating on your administration capacities, your locale inclusion, or your different characteristics, ensure that you make them hang out in your essay.</p><p></p><p>Write about something that you have seen as exceptionally helpful and ensure that your exposition is about a positive side of you. At the point when you are contemplating how to compose two section sch ool grant article, you should likewise consider the way that there is nothing amiss with bringing up the negatives. Your grant paper isn't intended to call attention to the negatives of anybody else.</p><p></p><p>A parcel of understudies don't understand that one of the most significant components in how to compose two section school grant article is ensuring that the data you have is precise. Ensure that the data you have is valid and honest. In the event that you decide to feature negative parts of yourself, ensure that you think of strong confirmation to help it.</p>